VineLinuxパフォーマンスアッププロジェクト:0206

■vsftpdサーバを立ち上げてみよう!■

 VineLinuxにはFTPサーバとしてデフォルトでProftpdが収録されていますが、もう1つ有名なFTPサーバとしてvsftpdというものがあります。
 今回はvsftpdをインストールして実際に稼働させるまで最低限の手順をご紹介します。

▼ダウンロードとインストール

 vsftpdはVinePlusにありますので、apt-getコマンドやSynaptic等でvsftpdをインストールします。

  apt-get install vsftpd

▼設定ファイルの編集

 設定ファイルは/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.confになります。これをテキストエディタ等で開きます。  vsftpd.confは以下のようになっています。

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and 
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction 
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd whith two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
use_localtime=YES
 これに対し、必要に応じて以下の記述を追加します。
ftpd_banner="[お好きなFTPサーバ名称]"
ascii_download_enable=YES  ←asciiモードでのダウンロードを可能にする設定
ascii_upload_enable=YES ←asciiモードでのアップロードを可能にする設定
force_dot_files=YES ←"."で始まるファイル表示を可能にする設定
anonymous_enable=NO ←anonymousでFTP接続を不可にする設定
 さらに、必要に応じて以下の記述に変更する。
pam_service_name=ftp ←PAM認証で使用する名前を指定
 PAM認証でログインに引っかかる場合はftpにしておくとうまくいく事があります。
 ただし、/etc/vsftpd/ftpusersおよび/etc/vsftpd/user_listに記載されているユーザはログインできません。

▼起動の設定

 ここまで編集できたら、まず起動できるか確認してみます。
 rootユーザ権限で以下のコマンドを実行します。

  service vsftpd start

 これで[OK]が出れば問題ありません。実際にftpコマンドやFTPクライアント等でログインできるか確認してみてください。

 さらに、自動起動するように設定するには同じくrootユーザ権限で以下のコマンドを実行します。

  /sbin/chkconfig vsftpd on

 その後、

  /sbin/chkconfig --list

 を実行し、以下のようにランレベル3〜5がonになっていれば自動起動するようになっています。

 vsftpd     0:off  1:off  2:off  3:on  4:on  5:on  6:off





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